To perform passive Range of Motion the patient should be asked to lie in a supine position. The examiner can then passively test flexion, extension, side flexion and rotation. Assessing passive Range of Motion with the patient supine gives the examiner a true end feel, as the muscles and passive structures are relaxed in this position. This is not the case in active Range of Motion with overpressure in a seated position. When performing these movements a “tissue stretch” is considered a normal end feel for all four motions. Any decrease in Range of Motion, pain or changes in end feel should be noted by the examiner; as well as the presentation of the capsular pattern (i.e side flexion and rotation equally limited; extension less limited) (Magee 2007).
Anterior
Lateral
Patient history
Observation
Active range of motion
Resisted isometric movements
Neurological testing
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